Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Tsheb thiab Cov Qauv Siv ntawm Cov Fibers Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob hauv Tsheb
Nrog rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm kev lag luam tsheb, cov tsheb—siv rau kev mus los lossis thauj khoom—tau dhau los ua cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv tib neeg lub neej. Txawm hais tias cov tsheb muab kev yooj yim, lawv kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb, xws li kev sib tsoo tsheb thiab kev kub hnyiab. Vim yog qhov chaw nqaim thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv uas yooj yim hlawv, thaum muaj hluav taws kub hauv lub tsheb, nws feem ntau nyuaj rau tswj, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej thiab khoom ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb. Yog li ntawd, kev nyab xeeb hluav taws hauv tsheb yuav tsum yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv.
Feem ntau, cov ua rau muaj hluav taws kub hauv tsheb muaj xws li:
(1) Tej yam cuam tshuam txog lub tsheb, suav nrog kev ua txhaum hluav taws xob, roj xau, thiab kev sib txhuam ntawm lub tshuab los ntawm kev hloov kho, kev teeb tsa, lossis kev saib xyuas tsis raug.
(2) Tej yam sab nraud, xws li kev sib tsoo, kev dov, kev hlawv hluav taws, lossis cov chaw taws teeb uas tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas.
Cov tsheb siv zog tshiab, uas muaj cov roj teeb fais fab loj, feem ntau yuav raug hluav taws vim yog luv luv Circuits los ntawm kev sib tsoo, kev tawg, thermal runaway los ntawm qhov kub siab, lossis hluav taws xob ntau dhau thaum lub sijhawm them ceev.
01 Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Kub ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Tsheb
Kev tshawb nrhiav txog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws tau pib thaum kawg ntawm xyoo pua 19th hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Nrog rau kev nce qib hauv thev naus laus zis hauv xyoo tas los no, muaj kev thov tshiab rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws ntawm cov khoom siv sab hauv tsheb, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv cov hauv qab no:
Ua ntej, kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, cov kws tshawb fawb hauv Suav teb tau muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kawm txog cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ntawm ntau yam fibers thiab plastics, nrog rau kev siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws.
Qhov thib ob, kev tsim cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws. Tam sim no, muaj ntau hom khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws uas tab tom tsim. Thoob ntiaj teb, cov ntaub ntawv xws li PPS, carbon fiber, thiab iav fiber tau siv tau zoo hauv ntau yam lag luam.
Qhov thib peb, kev tshawb fawb txog cov ntaub tiv thaiv hluav taws. Cov ntaub tiv thaiv hluav taws yooj yim tsim thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Txawm hais tias cov ntaub paj rwb tiv thaiv hluav taws twb tau tsim zoo lawm, kev tshawb fawb txog lwm cov ntaub tiv thaiv hluav taws tseem tsawg hauv Suav teb.
Qhov thib plaub, cov cai thiab cov txheej txheem sim rau cov ntaub ntawv tiv taus hluav taws.
Cov khoom siv sab hauv tsheb tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb pawg:
- Cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm fiber (piv txwv li, cov rooj zaum, cov ntaub pua plag, cov siv sia) - feem ntau siv thiab sib cuag ncaj qha nrog cov neeg caij tsheb.
- Cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm yas.
- Cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm roj hmab.
Cov ntaub ntawv ua los ntawm cov fiber, uas yooj yim hlawv thiab nyob ze rau cov neeg caij tsheb, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo loj heev thaum muaj hluav taws. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov khoom siv hauv tsheb, xws li roj teeb thiab cav, nyob ze rau cov ntaub ntawv textile, ua rau muaj feem yuav muaj hluav taws kis mus. Yog li ntawd, kev kawm txog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv tsheb yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev ncua kev kub hnyiab thiab muab sijhawm ntau dua rau cov neeg caij tsheb khiav tawm.
02 Kev faib tawm ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Kub Retardant Fibers
Hauv kev siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev lag luam, cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsheb muaj feem tseem ceeb. Lub tsheb thauj neeg nruab nrab muaj kwv yees li 20-40 kg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sab hauv, feem ntau yog cov ntaub, suav nrog cov ntaub npog lub rooj zaum, cov ncoo, cov siv sia, thiab cov ntaub npog taub hau. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg tsav tsheb thiab cov neeg caij tsheb, ua rau muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws kom qeeb cov nplaim taws kis thiab ua kom lub sijhawm khiav tawm ntev dua.
Cov nplaim hluav taws kubyog txhais tias yog cov fibers uas tsis kub hnyiab lossis hlawv tsis tiav thaum kov lub qhov hluav taws, tsim cov nplaim taws tsawg kawg nkaus thiab tua tus kheej sai sai thaum lub qhov hluav taws raug tshem tawm. Lub Limtiam Oxygen Index (LOI) feem ntau siv los ntsuas qhov kub hnyiab, nrog LOI siab dua 21% qhia txog qhov kub hnyiab tsawg.
Cov fibers retardant nplaim taws tau muab faib ua ob pawg:
- Cov Fibers Uas Muaj Hluav Taws Kub
Cov fibers no muaj cov pab pawg tiv thaiv hluav taws kub hauv lawv cov saw polymer, ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm thermal, ua rau qhov kub ntawm kev lwj, tiv thaiv kev tsim cov pa roj uas yooj yim hlawv, thiab txhawb kev tsim cov char. Piv txwv li:
- Cov fibers Aramid (piv txwv li, para-aramid, meta-aramid)
- Cov xov polyimide (piv txwv li, Kermel, P84)
- Cov polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibers
- Cov fibers Polybenzimidazole (PBI)
- Cov fibers melamine (piv txwv li, Basofil)
Cov xov hlau Meta-aramid, polysulfonamide, polyimide, thiab PPS twb tau tsim ntau lawm hauv Suav teb.
- Cov Fibers Uas Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob Hloov Kho
Cov fibers no tau txais hluav taws kub retardancy los ntawm additives lossis kev kho qhov chaw, suav nrog:
- Polyester tiv taus hluav taws
- Nylon tiv taus hluav taws
- Cov tshuaj viscose uas tiv taus hluav taws
- Polypropylene nplaim taws retardant
Cov txheej txheem hloov kho suav nrog copolymerization, blending, composite spinning, grafting, thiab post-finishing.
03 Cov Kev Siv Cov Fibers Uas Muaj Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo Hauv Kev Tiv Thaiv Tsheb
Cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv hluav taws hauv tsheb yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua vim muaj qhov chaw txwv. Tsis zoo li lwm cov ntawv thov, cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum tiv taus hluav taws lossis ua kom pom kev kub hnyiab (piv txwv li, ≤70 hli / feeb rau cov tsheb thauj neeg).
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev xav tau muaj xws li:
- Cov pa luam yeeb tsawg thiab cov pa roj lom tsawg kawg nkauskom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg caij tsheb muaj kev nyab xeeb.
- Cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo li qubkom tiv thaiv hluav taws kub los ntawm cov pa roj lossis cov hmoov av sib sau ua ke.
Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau tias txhua lub tsheb siv 20–42 m² ntawm cov ntaub ntawv textile, qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsheb. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau muab faib ua ob hom kev ua haujlwm thiab kev kho kom zoo nkauj, nrog rau kev tsom mus rau kev ua haujlwm - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws - vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev nyab xeeb.
Cov ntaub ua los ntawm cov hluav taws kub zoo siv rau hauv:
- Cov npog rooj zaum
- Cov vaj huam sib luag qhov rooj
- Cov hlua khi log tsheb
- Cov hnab cua
- Cov ntaub thaiv ru tsev
- Cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev thiab suab nrov
Cov ntaub tsis-woven ua los ntawm polyester, carbon fiber, polypropylene, thiab iav fiber kuj tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv sab hauv tsheb.
Kev txhawb nqa cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hluav taws sab hauv tsheb tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb xwb tab sis kuj pab txhawb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm zej zog.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Plaub Hlis-22-2025
