Kev Hloov Pauv rau Cov Tawv PVC Uas Tsis Muaj Halogen Uas Tiv Thaiv Tau Hluav Taws
Kev Taw Qhia
Tus neeg siv khoom tsim cov tawv PVC uas tsis ua rau hluav taws kub thiab cov tshuaj antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) uas siv yav dhau los. Tam sim no lawv lub hom phiaj yog tshem tawm Sb₂O₃ thiab hloov mus siv cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj halogen. Cov tshuaj tam sim no muaj xws li PVC, DOP, EPOXY, BZ-500, ST, HICOAT-410, thiab antimony. Kev hloov ntawm cov tawv PVC uas ua los ntawm antimony mus rau cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj halogen yog ib qho kev hloov kho tshiab tseem ceeb. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tsis yog tsuas yog ua raws li cov cai ib puag ncig uas nruj zuj zus xwb (piv txwv li, RoHS, REACH) tab sis kuj txhim kho cov duab "ntsuab" ntawm cov khoom thiab kev sib tw ua lag luam.
Cov Kev Sib Tw Tseem Ceeb
- Kev Poob ntawm Cov Nyhuv Synergistic:
- Sb₂O₃ tsis yog ib yam khoom uas tiv taus hluav taws kub heev tab sis nws muaj cov teebmeem zoo heev uas tiv taus hluav taws kub nrog chlorine hauv PVC, ua rau kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub. Kev tshem tawm antimony yuav tsum nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev uas tsis muaj halogen uas ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke no.
- Kev Ua Haujlwm Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Kub:
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws uas tsis muaj halogen feem ntau xav tau cov khoom thauj ntau dua kom ua tiav cov qib hluav taws sib npaug (piv txwv li, UL94 V-0), uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab (mos, lub zog tensile, elongation), kev ua haujlwm, thiab tus nqi.
- Cov yam ntxwv ntawm tawv PVC:
- Tawv PVC xav tau qhov mos mos zoo heev, kov tau tes, ua tiav qhov chaw (embossing, gloss), tiv taus huab cua, tiv taus kev hloov pauv, thiab yooj ywm thaum kub tsawg. Cov mis tshiab yuav tsum tswj lossis phim cov yam ntxwv no.
- Kev Ua Haujlwm:
- Kev muab cov khoom ntim ntau ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj halogen (piv txwv li, ATH) yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ntws yaj thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
- Kev Xav Txog Tus Nqi:
- Qee cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tsis muaj halogen thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo kim heev, ua rau muaj kev sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo thiab tus nqi.
Txoj Kev Xaiv Rau Cov Tshuab Uas Tsis Muaj Halogen Thiab Hluav Taws Kub (Rau PVC Tawv)
1. Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob Tseem Ceeb - Cov Hlau Hydroxides
- Txhuas Trihydroxide (ATH):
- Feem ntau, pheej yig.
- Txoj Kev Ua: Kev rhuav tshem cov pa dej (~ 200 ° C), tso cov pa dej tawm los ua kom cov pa roj thiab cov pa oxygen yaj thaum tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv.
- Qhov Tsis Zoo: Kev ua haujlwm tsawg, xav tau kev thauj khoom ntau (40–70 phr), txo qhov mos, elongation, thiab processability; qhov kub thiab txias decomposition qis.
- Magnesium Hydroxide (MDH):
- Qhov kub ntawm kev lwj siab dua (~ 340 ° C), zoo dua rau kev ua PVC (160–200 ° C).
- Qhov Tsis Zoo: Xav tau cov khoom thauj siab zoo sib xws (40–70 phr); tus nqi siab dua me ntsis dua li ATH; tej zaum yuav muaj kev nqus dej noo ntau dua.
Txoj Kev Npaj:
- Nyiam MDH lossis ATH/MDH sib xyaw (piv txwv li, 70/30) kom sib npaug tus nqi, kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab kev tiv taus hluav taws.
- Kev kho saum npoo (piv txwv li, silane-coupled) ATH/MDH txhim kho kev sib raug zoo nrog PVC, txo qhov puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom, thiab ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov.
2. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Uas Ua Rau Hluav Taws Kub
Yuav kom txo tau cov khoom siv hluav taws kub tseem ceeb thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo, cov synergists tseem ceeb heev:
- Cov Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants: Zoo tagnrho rau cov tshuab PVC uas tsis muaj halogen.
- Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Txhawb kom muaj kev kub hnyiab, tsim ib txheej rwb thaiv tsev.
- Lus Cim: Siv cov qib uas tiv taus kub siab (piv txwv li, Theem II, >280°C) kom tsis txhob lwj thaum lub sijhawm ua. Qee cov APPs yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov pom tseeb thiab tiv taus dej.
- Aluminium Diethylphosphinate (ADP): Ua haujlwm tau zoo heev, thauj khoom tsawg (5–20 phr), tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov khoom, ruaj khov thermal zoo.
- Qhov Tsis Zoo: Tus nqi siab dua.
- Phosphate Esters (piv txwv li, RDP, BDP, TCPP): Ua haujlwm ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws kub.
- Zoo: Ob lub luag haujlwm (plasticizer + hluav taws kub retardant).
- Qhov Tsis Zoo: Cov molecule me me (piv txwv li, TCPP) yuav tsiv teb tsaws chaw / volatilize; RDP / BDP muaj cov plasticizing efficiency qis dua DOP thiab tej zaum yuav txo qhov yooj ywm qis-kub.
- Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP): Txhawb kom muaj kev kub hnyiab, tsim ib txheej rwb thaiv tsev.
- Zinc Borate (ZB):
- Pheej yig, siv tau ntau yam (ua kom tsis txhob kub hnyiab, tiv thaiv pa luam yeeb, ua kom cov pa roj av tsis txhob ntub). Ua haujlwm zoo nrog ATH/MDH thiab cov kab ke phosphorus-nitrogen. Kev thauj khoom ib txwm muaj: 3–10 phr.
- Zinc Stannate/Hydroxy Stannate:
- Cov tshuaj tua pa luam yeeb zoo heev thiab cov tshuaj tua hluav taws kub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov polymers uas muaj chlorine (piv txwv li, PVC). Muaj peev xwm hloov tau ib feem ntawm antimony lub luag haujlwm sib koom ua ke. Kev thauj khoom ib txwm muaj: 2–8 phr.
- Cov Tshuaj Molybdenum (piv txwv li, MoO₃, Ammonium Molybdate):
- Cov tshuaj tua pa luam yeeb muaj zog nrog kev sib zog tiv thaiv hluav taws. Kev thauj khoom ib txwm muaj: 2–5 phr.
- Cov Nano Fillers (piv txwv li, Nanoclay):
- Kev thauj khoom tsawg (3–8 phr) txhim kho kev tiv thaiv hluav taws (kev tsim cov char, txo qhov tso tawm cua sov) thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Kev tawg yog qhov tseem ceeb.
3. Cov Tshuaj Tua Pa Luam Yeeb
PVC tsim cov pa luam yeeb hnyav thaum lub sijhawm hlawv. Cov qauv tsis muaj halogen feem ntau xav tau kev tswj cov pa luam yeeb. Zinc borate, zinc stannate, thiab molybdenum compounds yog cov kev xaiv zoo heev.
Cov Qauv Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Uas Tsis Muaj Halogen (Raws li Tus Neeg Siv Khoom Cov Qauv Tshuaj Thawj)
Lub Hom Phiaj: Ua tiav UL94 V-0 (1.6 hli lossis tuab dua) thaum tseem tswj tau qhov mos, kev ua haujlwm tau yooj yim, thiab cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb.
Cov Kev Xav:
- Cov qauv thawj:
- DOP: 50–70 phr (plasticizer).
- ST: Tej zaum yog stearic acid (lubricant).
- HICOAT-410: Ca/Zn stabilizer.
- BZ-500: Tej zaum yog ib yam roj nplua nyeem/kev pab ua haujlwm (kom paub meej ntxiv).
- EPOXY: Cov roj taum pauv epoxidized (co-stabilizer / plasticizer).
- Antimony: Sb₂O₃ (yuav tsum tau tshem tawm).
1. Cov Qauv Tsim Khoom Pom Zoo (ib 100 phr PVC resin)
| Cheebtsam | Kev Ua Haujlwm | Thauj khoom (phr) | Cov Lus Cim |
|---|---|---|---|
| PVC cob | Cov polymer puag | 100 | Qhov hnyav molecular nruab nrab / siab rau kev ua tiav / khoom sib npaug. |
| Tus neeg ua yas tseem ceeb | Kev mos mos | 40–60 | Xaiv A (Tus nqi/Kev ua tau zoo sib npaug): Ib feem phosphate ester (piv txwv li, RDP/BDP, 10–20 phr) + DOTP/DINP (30–50 phr). Xaiv B (Qhov Kub Qis Ua Ntej): DOTP/DINP (50–70 phr) + PN hluav taws kub zoo (piv txwv li, ADP, 10–15 phr). Lub hom phiaj: Sib phim qhov mos thawj. |
| Cov Khoom Hluav Taws Xob Tseem Ceeb | Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws, kev tshem tawm pa luam yeeb | 30–50 | Cov tshuaj MDH lossis MDH/ATH uas kho saum npoo av (piv txwv li, 70/30). Muaj kev ntshiab siab, me me, kho saum npoo av. Kho qhov kev thauj khoom kom tiv taus hluav taws. |
| PN Synergist | Kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm hluav taws kub, kev txhawb nqa char | 10–20 | Xaiv 1: APP kub siab (Theem II). Xaiv 2: ADP (ua haujlwm tau zoo dua, thauj khoom tsawg dua, nqi siab dua). Xaiv 3: Phosphate ester plasticizers (RDP/BDP) - kho yog tias twb siv ua plasticizers lawm. |
| Tshuaj Synergist/Pas Lom Seem | Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kub zoo dua, txo cov pa luam yeeb | 5–15 | Kev sib xyaw ua ke uas pom zoo: Zinc borate (5–10 phr) + zinc stannate (3–8 phr). Xaiv tau: MoO₃ (2–5 phr). |
| Ca/Zn Stabilizer (HICOAT-410) | Kev ruaj khov ntawm cua sov | 2.0–4.0 | Tseem ceeb heev! Tej zaum yuav xav tau kev thauj khoom ntau dua me ntsis piv rau cov qauv Sb₂O₃. |
| Cov roj taum pauv epoxidized (EPOXY) | Co-stabilizer, plasticizer | 3.0–8.0 | Khaws cia rau qhov ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm kub qis. |
| Cov roj nplua nyeem | Kev pab ua haujlwm, kev tso pwm tawm | 1.0–2.5 | ST (stearic acid): 0.5–1.5 phr. BZ-500: 0.5–1.0 phr (kho raws li kev ua haujlwm). Ua kom zoo dua rau cov khoom ntim siab. |
| Kev Pab Ua Haujlwm (piv txwv li, ACR) | Lub zog yaj, ntws | 0.5–2.0 | Tseem ceeb rau cov qauv uas muaj cov khoom sau ntau. Txhim kho qhov tiav ntawm qhov chaw thiab kev tsim khoom. |
| Lwm Cov Khoom Ntxiv | Raws li qhov xav tau | – | Cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab lwm yam. |
2. Piv txwv kev tsim qauv (Yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua)
| Cheebtsam | Hom | Thauj khoom (phr) |
|---|---|---|
| PVC cob | Tus nqi K ~65–70 | 100.0 |
| Tus neeg ua yas tseem ceeb | DOTP/DINP | 45.0 |
| Phosphate Ester Plasticizer | RDP | 15.0 |
| MDH Kho Qhov Chaw | – | 40.0 |
| APP Kub Siab | Theem II | 12.0 |
| Zinc Borate | ZB | 8.0 |
| Zinc Stannate | ZS | 5.0 |
| Ca/Zn Stabilizer | HICOAT-410 | 3.5 |
| Cov roj taum pauv epoxidized | EPOXY | 5.0 |
| Stearic Acid | ST | 1.0 |
| BZ-500 | Cov roj nplua nyeem | 1.0 |
| Kev Pab Ua Haujlwm ACR | – | 1.5 |
| Cov tshuaj pleev xim, thiab lwm yam. | – | Raws li qhov xav tau |
Cov Kauj Ruam Tseem Ceeb rau Kev Siv
- Paub meej cov ntaub ntawv raw khoom:
- Ua kom meej cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm
BZ-500thiabST(saib cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus neeg muag khoom). - Xyuas kom tseeb tias cov loads ntawm
DOP,EPOXY, thiabHICOAT-410. - Txhais cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg siv khoom: Lub hom phiaj tiv taus hluav taws (piv txwv li, UL94 tuab), qhov mos (qhov nyuaj), kev siv (tsheb, rooj tog, hnab?), cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb (tiv taus txias, UV ruaj khov, tiv taus kev sib txhuam?), kev txwv tus nqi.
- Ua kom meej cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm
- Xaiv Cov Qib Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Tshwj Xeeb:
- Thov cov qauv tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tsis muaj halogen uas tsim los rau cov tawv PVC los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom.
- Xaiv cov ATH/MDH uas kho saum npoo kom muaj kev sib kis zoo dua.
- Rau APP, siv cov qib uas tiv taus kub siab.
- Rau cov phosphate esters, nyiam RDP/BDP dua li TCPP rau kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw tsawg dua.
- Kev Ntsuas thiab Kev Txhim Kho Hauv Chav Kuaj Mob:
- Npaj cov khoom me me nrog ntau yam khoom sib txawv (piv txwv li, kho qhov sib piv ntawm MDH/APP/ZB/ZS).
- Kev Sib Tov: Siv cov tshuab sib tov ceev ceev (piv txwv li, Henschel) kom sib tov sib npaug. Ntxiv cov kua (plasticizers, stabilizers) ua ntej, tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov hmoov.
- Kev Sim Ua: Sim cov khoom siv tsim khoom (piv txwv li, Banbury mixer + calendering). Saib xyuas lub sijhawm plastification, yaj viscosity, torque, qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw.
- Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm:
- Hluav taws kub tsis kam: UL94, LOI.
- Cov khoom siv kho tshuab: Hardness (Shore A), tensile zog, elongation.
- Qhov mos/tes xis: Kev ntsuam xyuas tus kheej + qhov nyuaj.
- Kev hloov pauv kub tsawg: Kev sim khoov txias.
- Thermal stability: Congo liab xeem.
- Tsos: Xim, gloss, embossing.
- (Xaiv tau) Cov pa luam yeeb ceev: NBS chav haus luam yeeb.
- Kev daws teeb meem & kev sib npaug:
| Qhov teeb meem | Kev daws teeb meem |
|---|---|
| Tsis txaus nplaim taws retardancy | Ua kom MDH/ATH lossis APP nce ntxiv; ntxiv ADP; ua kom ZB/ZS zoo dua; xyuas kom meej tias muaj kev sib kis. |
| Cov khoom siv kho tshuab tsis zoo (piv txwv li, elongation qis) | Txo MDH/ATH; nce PN synergist; siv cov khoom siv kho saum npoo; kho cov yas. |
| Cov teeb meem ua haujlwm (viscosity siab, qhov chaw tsis zoo) | Ua kom cov roj nplua nyeem zoo dua; nce ACR; xyuas qhov sib tov; kho qhov kub/ceev. |
| Tus nqi siab | Ua kom zoo dua qhov kev thauj khoom; siv cov khoom sib xyaw ATH/MDH uas pheej yig; soj ntsuam lwm txoj hauv kev. |
- Sim Ua Ntej & Tsim Khoom: Tom qab ua kom zoo dua hauv chav kuaj, ua qhov kev sim ua ntej kom paub tseeb tias ruaj khov, sib xws, thiab tus nqi. Tsuas yog nce qib tom qab kev lees paub.
Xaus lus
Kev hloov ntawm cov tawv nqaij uas siv antimony mus rau cov tawv nqaij uas tsis muaj halogen uas tsis ua rau hluav taws kub yog qhov ua tau tab sis yuav tsum tau muaj kev txhim kho kom zoo. Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb yog kev sib xyaw cov hlau hydroxides (qhov zoo tshaj yog MDH uas kho saum npoo), cov tshuaj phosphorus-nitrogen synergists (APP lossis ADP), thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pa luam yeeb ntau yam (zinc borate, zinc stannate). Tib lub sijhawm, kev ua kom zoo dua cov plasticizers, stabilizers, lubricants, thiab cov khoom pab ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Cov Yuam Sij Rau Kev Ua Tau Zoo:
- Txhais cov hom phiaj thiab cov kev txwv kom meej (kev tiv taus hluav taws, cov khoom, tus nqi).
- Xaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws uas tsis muaj halogen uas tau lees tias tsis muaj (cov khoom siv kho saum npoo, APP kub heev).
- Ua qhov kev sim hauv chav kuaj mob kom zoo (kev tiv taus hluav taws, cov yam ntxwv, kev ua tiav).
- Xyuas kom meej tias kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem.
More info., you can contact lucy@taifeng-fr.com
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-12-2025
