Kev Siv Cov Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardants Hauv PP

Cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas muaj phosphorus yog ib hom tshuaj tua hluav taws uas ua haujlwm tau zoo, txhim khu kev qha, thiab siv dav dav uas tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Muaj kev ua tiav zoo kawg nkaus hauv lawv cov kev tsim thiab kev siv.

1. Kev Siv Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardants Hauv PP

Cov khoom siv lub cev ntawm polypropylene (PP) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv nws cov ntawv thov kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov pa oxygen tsawg (LOI) tsuas yog nyob ib puag ncig 17.5%, ua rau nws kub hnyiab heev nrog qhov kub hnyiab sai. Tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv PP hauv cov ntawv thov kev lag luam yog cuam tshuam los ntawm lawv cov nplaim taws retardancy thiab lub cev khoom. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, microencapsulation thiab kev hloov kho qhov chaw tau dhau los ua cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv PP nplaim taws-retardant.

Piv txwv 1: Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) hloov kho nrog tus neeg sawv cev silane coupling (KH-550) thiab cov kua silicone resin ethanol tau siv rau cov ntaub ntawv PP. Thaum qhov feem pua ​​ntawm cov APP hloov kho tau txog 22%, LOI ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau nce mus txog 30.5%, thaum nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab kuj ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua thiab ua tau zoo dua cov ntaub ntawv PP uas tsis muaj hluav taws kub nrog APP tsis hloov kho.

Piv txwv 2: APP tau muab ntim rau hauv lub plhaub uas muaj melamine (MEL), hydroxyl silicone roj, thiab formaldehyde resin los ntawm kev polymerization hauv qhov chaw. Cov microcapsules tom qab ntawd tau muab sib xyaw nrog pentaerythritol thiab siv rau cov ntaub ntawv PP rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws. Cov khoom siv tau ua kom pom kev tiv thaiv hluav taws zoo heev, nrog LOI ntawm 32% thiab qhov ntsuas kev sim hluav taws ntsug ntawm UL94 V-0. Txawm tias tom qab kev kho mob hauv dej kub, cov khoom sib xyaw tseem khaws cia kev tiv thaiv hluav taws zoo thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab.

Piv txwv 3: APP tau hloov kho los ntawm kev txheej nws nrog txhuas hydroxide (ATH), thiab APP hloov kho tau ua ke nrog dipentaerythritol ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 2.5: 1 rau kev siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv PP. Thaum tag nrho cov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm cov nplaim taws retardant yog 25%, LOI tau mus txog 31.8%, qhov ntsuas nplaim taws retardancy tau mus txog V-0, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tso tawm cua sov tau txo qis.

2. Kev Siv Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardants Hauv PS

Polystyrene (PS) yog cov khoom siv hluav taws kub heev thiab tseem kub hnyiab tom qab tshem tawm qhov chaw hluav taws. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem xws li kev tso cua sov ntau thiab kev sib kis hluav taws sai, cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tsis muaj phosphorus halogen ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws ntawm PS. Cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv hluav taws rau PS suav nrog kev txheej, kev sib xyaw, kev txhuam, thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws theem polymerization.

Piv txwv 1: Cov nplaum uas muaj phosphorus-muaj nplaim taws rau PS nthuav dav tau tsim los ntawm txoj kev sol-gel siv N-β-(aminoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane thiab phosphoric acid. Cov ua npuas ncauj PS uas nplaim taws tau npaj siv txoj kev txheej. Thaum qhov kub tshaj 700 ° C, cov ua npuas ncauj PS kho nrog cov nplaum tau tsim ib txheej char tshaj 49%.

Cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tau qhia txog cov qauv uas muaj phosphorus-muaj nplaim taws rau hauv cov vinyl lossis acrylic compounds, uas tom qab ntawd copolymerized nrog styrene los tsim cov phosphorus-muaj styrene copolymers tshiab. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias piv rau PS ntshiab, phosphorus-muaj styrene copolymers qhia tau tias LOI thiab char residue zoo dua, qhia txog kev ruaj khov thermal zoo dua thiab nplaim taws retardancy.

Piv txwv 2: Ib qho vinyl-terminated oligomeric phosphate hybrid macromonomer (VOPP) tau muab txuas rau ntawm cov saw hlau tseem ceeb ntawm PS los ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke. Cov graft copolymer tau pom tias muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws los ntawm cov txheej txheem solid-phase. Thaum cov ntsiab lus VOPP nce ntxiv, LOI nce ntxiv, qhov tso tawm cua sov siab tshaj plaws thiab tag nrho cov cua sov tso tawm txo qis, thiab cov dej yaj ploj mus, qhia txog cov teebmeem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv hluav taws.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tsis muaj phosphorus hauv cov organic tuaj yeem sib txuas nrog cov tshuaj graphite lossis nitrogen los siv rau hauv PS cov tshuaj tua hluav taws. Cov txheej txheem txheej lossis txhuam kuj tseem siv tau los siv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas muaj phosphorus rau PS, ua kom cov khoom LOI thiab cov char seem zoo dua.

3. Kev Siv Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardants Hauv PA

Polyamide (PA) yog cov khoom siv hluav taws kub heev thiab tsim cov pa luam yeeb ntau thaum lub sijhawm hlawv. Vim tias PA siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev phom sij hluav taws yog qhov hnyav heev. Vim yog cov qauv amide hauv nws cov saw hlau tseem ceeb, PA tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hluav taws kub siv ntau txoj hauv kev, nrog rau ob qho tib si ntxiv thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws kub ua pov thawj zoo heev. Ntawm cov PAs tiv thaiv hluav taws kub, alkyl phosphinate ntsev yog cov siv dav tshaj plaws.

Piv txwv 1: Aluminium isobutylphosphinate (A-MBPa) tau ntxiv rau hauv PA6 matrix los npaj cov khoom sib xyaw. Thaum lub sijhawm sim ua kom tsis txhob kub hnyiab, A-MBPa tau lwj ua ntej PA6, tsim cov txheej char uas ruaj khov thiab tuab uas tiv thaiv PA6. Cov khoom siv tau txais LOI ntawm 26.4% thiab qhov ntsuas kub hnyiab ntawm V-0.

Piv Txwv 2: Thaum lub sijhawm polymerization ntawm hexamethylenediamine thiab adipic acid, 3 wt% ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws bis(2-carboxyethyl)methylphosphine oxide (CEMPO) tau ntxiv rau los tsim cov tshuaj tua hluav taws PA66. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias cov tshuaj tua hluav taws PA66 tau pom tias muaj kev tua hluav taws zoo dua li cov PA66 ib txwm muaj, nrog rau LOI siab dua. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov txheej char tau qhia tias qhov chaw ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws PA66 muaj cov qhov me me sib txawv, uas tau pab cais cov cua sov thiab cov pa roj, qhia txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua hluav taws.

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