Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Fabric

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Xob ntawm Fabric

Nrog rau kev paub txog kev nyab xeeb ntau ntxiv, cov khoom siv hluav taws kub-resistant tau siv dav hauv ntau yam lag luam. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev lag luam textile, hluav taws kub tsis kam ntawm fabrics ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub neej thiab khoom. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tshiab phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tau dhau los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb hotspot vim lawv cov nplaim hluav taws zoo heev thiab kev phooj ywg ib puag ncig. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tshawb txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hluav taws xob tshiab phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim hluav taws kub nyhiab ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm ntau qhov kev xav, sib txuas cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv sim los tshuaj xyuas lawv cov kev ua tau zoo hauv kev siv tswv yim.

1. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm Phosphorus-Nitrogen Nplaim Retardants
   1.1 Kev txhais thiab kev faib tawm ntawm Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants
   Phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim taws retardants yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov tebchaw feem ntau muaj phosphorus thiab nitrogen ua cov nplaim hluav taws. Raws li lawv cov qauv tshuaj, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg loj: organic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants thiab inorganic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants. Organic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants feem ntau muaj xws li phosphates, phosphoramides, thiab lwm yam, thaum inorganic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants muaj xws li ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, thiab lwm yam.

1.2 Nplaim-Retardant Mechanism ntawm Phosphorus-Nitrogen Nplaim Retardants
Cov nplaim hluav taws-retardant mechanism ntawm phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
• Gas-theem nplaim taws retardancy: Phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants decompose nyob rau hauv high kub los tsim phosphorus thiab nitrogen dawb radicals, uas yuav ntes active dawb radicals thaum combustion, yog li cuam tshuam cov combustion saw cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
• Condensed-theem nplaim hluav taws retardancy: Phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tsim ib tug ruaj khov char txheej thaum combustion, cais oxygen thiab cua sov, thiab tiv thaiv nplaim taws.
• Synergistic effect: Phosphorus thiab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus ua haujlwm synergistically thaum cov txheej txheem nplaim taws, txhim kho efficiency.

1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen Flame Retardants
   2.1 Ib puag ncig phooj ywg
   Novel phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tsis tsim tshuaj lom los yog teeb meem thaum tsim thiab siv, ua tau raws li ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), ib qho inorganic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardant, yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam textile vim nws tsis tshua muaj toxicity, halogen-dawb, thiab tsis muaj pa taws.

2.2 High Efficiency
Novel phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants ua tau zoo heev nplaim-retardant teebmeem ntawm qis additive theem. Cov kev sim qhia tau hais tias ntxiv 5% ammonium polyphosphate tuaj yeem ua rau kom txo qis oxygen index (LOI) ntawm cov ntaub los ntawm 18% mus rau ntau dua 28%.

2.3 Durability
Novel phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants pom zoo ntxuav tsis kam thiab huab cua tsis kam. Lawv cov nplaim-retardant kev ua tau zoo tseem nyob ruaj khov txawm tias tom qab ntau qhov kev ntxuav thiab raug cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig ntuj.

1. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen Nplaim Retardants ntawm Cov Hluav Taws Kub Kub ntawm Fabric
   3.1 Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI)
   Qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm cov pa oxygen yog qhov ntsuas tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas cov nplaim hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv. Table 1 teev cov LOI qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov ntaub npuag tom qab ntxiv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tshiab.

Raws li pom nyob rau hauv Table 1, tshiab phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tuaj yeem ua rau LOI qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub, nrog rau LOI nce raws li cov nyiaj ntxiv ntxiv.

3.2 Thaum tshav kub kub tso tawm tus nqi (HRR)
Lub tshav kub tso tawm ntsuas tus nqi ntawm cov cua sov tawm thaum lub sij hawm combustion. Daim duab 1 qhia txog HRR nkhaus ntawm paj rwb ntaub tom qab ntxiv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tshiab.

Los ntawm daim duab 1, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias ntxiv cov tshiab phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants txo HRR ntawm paj rwb ntaub, qhia tias txo cov cua sov tso tawm thaum lub sij hawm combustion thiab txhim kho nplaim-retardant kev ua tau zoo.

3.3 Cov pa luam yeeb ntom ntom
Cov pa luam yeeb ntom ntsuas ntsuas cov pa luam yeeb uas tsim thaum lub sij hawm combustion. Table 2 teev cov pa luam yeeb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov ntaub npuag tom qab ntxiv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants.

Raws li qhia hauv Table 2, tshiab Xov tooj Phosphorus-Nitrogen nplaim tshem tawm cov pa luam yeeb ntau npaum li cas, tsawg dua cov pa luam yeeb ntau npaum li cas thaum kev sib txuas ua ke thiab kev txhim kho kev nyab xeeb.

1. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen Nplaim Retardants hauv Kev Siv Tau
   4.1 Fireproof kho ntawm Textiles
   Novel phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants yog dav siv hauv kev kho hluav taws kub ntawm textiles. Piv txwv li, hauv cov khaub ncaws tua hluav taws, cov khaub ncaws tub rog, cov menyuam yaus cov khaub ncaws hnav, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb, ntxiv cov retardants tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov hluav taws kub, ua kom cov neeg siv kev nyab xeeb.

4.2 Kev kho hluav taws kub ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev
Hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsev, phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardants tshiab kuj tau siv dav. Piv txwv li, ntxiv lawv rau cov txheej txheem hluav taws kub thiab cov hluav taws kub hnyiab tuaj yeem ua rau lawv cov hluav taws kub hnyiab, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws.

4.3 Kev Kho Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob
Hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshiab phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants yog siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv xws li Circuit Court boards thiab cables. Lawv qhov sib ntxiv tuaj yeem tiv thaiv hluav taws los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias lossis luv luv, tiv thaiv ob qho tib si khoom siv thiab cov neeg siv.

1. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Tsev thiab txawv teb chaws
   5.1 Kev Tshawb Fawb Hauv Tebchaws
   Cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev tau ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb txog cov phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tshiab. Piv txwv li, ib pab neeg tshawb fawb hauv tsev kawm ntawv tau tsim cov organic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardant tshiab. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm paj rwb ntaub tau pom tias ntxiv 5% ntawm cov retardant nce LOI mus rau ntau dua 30%, nrog rau kev ntxuav zoo heev.

5.2 Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Thoob Ntiaj Teb
Cov kws tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb kuj tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, ib pab neeg thoob ntiaj teb tau tsim ib qho tshiab inorganic phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardant. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm polyester ntaub pom tau hais tias ntxiv 10% ntawm cov retardant tau nce LOI mus rau ntau dua 35%, nrog rau qhov txo qis hauv pa luam yeeb.

1. Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Txhim Kho Yav Tom Ntej
   6.1 Multifunctionality
   Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ib qho kev taw qhia rau tshiab phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants yog multifunctionality. Piv txwv li, tsim cov retardants nrog cov khoom ntxiv xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, tiv thaiv pwm, thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv zoo li qub kom tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau.

6.2 Nanotechnology
Daim ntawv thov ntawm nanotechnology yuav coj lub cib fim tshiab rau kev txhim kho cov phosphorus-nitrogen nplaim retardants tshiab. Kev ua nanoscale tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tawg thiab ruaj khov ntawm retardants, ntxiv dag zog rau lawv cov txiaj ntsig.

6.3 Ntse Retardants
Kev ua haujlwm ntse yog lwm cov lus qhia tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, tsim cov nplaim hluav taws xob ntse uas tuaj yeem hloov kho lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo raws li qhov ntsuas kub ib puag ncig los txhim kho kev yoog raws hauv kev siv tswv yim.