Kev tsom xam thiab optimization ntawm nplaim hluav taws-retardant Formulation rau PVC txheej

Kev tsom xam thiab optimization ntawm nplaim hluav taws-retardant Formulation rau PVC txheej

Cov neeg siv khoom tsim cov tsev pheeb suab PVC thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov nplaim hluav taws kub. Cov qauv tam sim no muaj 60 qhov chaw PVC resin, 40 qhov chaw TOTM, 30 qhov chaw txhuas hypophosphite (nrog 40% phosphorus cov ntsiab lus), 10 qhov chaw MCA, 8 qhov chaw zinc borate, nrog rau cov dispersants. Txawm li cas los xij, cov nplaim hluav taws-retardant kev ua tau zoo yog qhov tsis zoo, thiab qhov tawg ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws xob kuj tsis txaus. Hauv qab no yog ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov laj thawj thiab kev thov hloov kho rau cov qauv.

I. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau cov nplaim hluav taws tsis zoo

1. Cov nplaim hluav taws kub tsis sib haum nrog cov teebmeem tsis muaj zog

• Ntau dhau aluminium hypophosphite (30 qhov chaw):
  Txawm hais tias aluminium hypophosphite yog qhov ua tau zoo phosphorus-raws li nplaim hluav taws (40% phosphorus cov ntsiab lus), ntau ntxiv (> 25 ntu) tuaj yeem ua rau:
• Kev nce ntxiv hauv qhov system viscosity, ua rau dispersion nyuaj thiab tsim agglomerated hotspots uas ua rau kom hlawv ("wick effect").
• Txo cov khoom toughness thiab impaired zaj duab xis-forming zog vim ntau inorganic muab tub lim.
• Cov ntsiab lus MCA siab (10 ntu):
  MCA (nitrogen-based) feem ntau yog siv los ua kev sib koom ua ke. Thaum ntau npaum li cas tshaj 5 qhov chaw, nws nyhav mus rau qhov chaw, saturating nplaim-retardant efficiency thiab muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov nplaim hluav taws.
• Tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke tseem ceeb:
  Thaum zinc borate muaj qhov cuam tshuam rau kev haus luam yeeb, qhov tsis muaj antimony-raws li (xws li, antimony trioxide) lossis hlau oxide (xws li, aluminium hydroxide) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm "phosphorus-nitrogen-antimony" synergistic system, ua rau tsis txaus roj-theem nplaim hluav taws.

2. Mismatch ntawm Plasticizer xaiv thiab nplaim Retardancy hom phiaj

• TOTM (trioctyl trimellitate) muaj cov nplaim hluav taws xob tsawg:
  TOTM excels nyob rau hauv tshav kub tsis kam tab sis tsis tshua muaj txiaj ntsig hauv nplaim hluav taws xob piv rau phosphate esters (xws li TOTP). Rau cov nplaim hluav taws kub-retardancy daim ntaub ntawv zoo li lub tsev pheebsuab txheej, TOTM tsis tuaj yeem muab lub peev xwm txaus charring thiab oxygen-barrier.
• Tsis txaus tag nrho plasticizer (tsuas yog 40 qhov chaw):
  PVC resin feem ntau yuav tsum tau 60-75 feem ntawm cov yas yas rau tag nrho cov yas. Cov ntsiab lus tsis tshua muaj plasticizer ua rau cov viscosity siab yaj, ntxiv cov teeb meem ntawm cov nplaim hluav taws kub retardant dispersion.

3. Tsis siv neeg Dispersion System ua rau cov nplaim hluav taws tsis sib xws

• Cov dispersant tam sim no yuav yog hom hom phiaj dav dav (piv txwv li, stearic acid lossis PE wax), uas tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov nplaim hluav taws kub tsis zoo (txhuas hypophosphite + zinc borate tag nrho 48 feem), ua rau:
• Agglomeration ntawm nplaim hluav taws retardant hais, tsim ib qho chaw tsis muaj zog nyob rau hauv lub txheej.
• Cov yaj tsis zoo thaum ua tiav, tsim cov cua sov shear uas ua rau cov decomposition ntxov ntxov.

4. Tsis zoo sib xws ntawm nplaim hluav taws thiab PVC

• Cov ntaub ntawv inorganic zoo li aluminium hypophosphite thiab zinc borate muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv nrog PVC. Yog tsis muaj kev hloov kho deg (xws li, silane coupling agents), theem sib cais tshwm sim, txo cov nplaim hluav taws xob ua haujlwm.

II. Core Design Approach

1. Hloov Primary Plasticizer nrog TOTP

• Leverage nws cov nplaim hluav taws xob zoo heev (phosphorus cov ntsiab lus ≈9%) thiab cov nyhuv plasticizing.

2. Optimize nplaim nplaim Retardant Ratios thiab Synergy

• Khaws aluminium hypophosphite ua cov phosphorus tseem ceeb tab sis txo qis nws qhov ntau npaum li cas los txhim kho kev tawg thiab txo qis "cov nyhuv wick."
• Khaws zinc borate ua ib qho tseem ceeb synergist (txhawb charring thiab haus luam yeeb tsuj).
• Khaws MCA raws li ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm nitrogen tab sis txo nws cov koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws.
• QhiaUltrafine txhuas hydroxide (ATH)Raws li ib tug multifunctional Cheebtsam:
• Nplaim retardancy:Endothermic decomposition (lub cev qhuav dej), txias, thiab dilution ntawm flammable gases.
• Kev haus luam yeeb:Qhov tseem ceeb txo cov pa luam yeeb.
• Filler:Cov nqi qis dua (piv rau lwm cov nplaim hluav taws xob).
• Txhim kho dispersion thiab ntws (qib ultrafine):Yooj yim rau kev tawg yooj yim dua li cov qauv ATH, txo qis viscosity nce.

3. Muaj kev daws teeb meem rau cov teeb meem tawg

• Qhov tseem ceeb nce cov ntsiab lus plasticizer:Xyuas kom tag nrho PVC plasticization thiab txo qhov system viscosity.
• Siv high-efficiency super-dispersants:Tshwj xeeb yog tsim los rau siab-load, yooj yim agglomerated inorganic hmoov (aluminium hypophosphite, ATH).
• Optimize processing (kev sib xyaw ua ntej yog qhov tseem ceeb):Xyuas kom meej ntub dej thiab dispersion ntawm nplaim retardants.

4. Ua kom cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ruaj khov

• Ntxiv cov stabilizers kom txaus thiab lubricants tsim nyog.

III. Revised Flame-Retardant PVC Formula

IV. Formula Notes thiab Key Points

1. TOTP yog Core Foundation

• 65-75 ntuxyuas kom meej:
• Plasticization Tag Nrho: PVC yuav tsum muaj cov yas kom txaus rau cov mos mos, txuas ntxiv ua zaj duab xis.
• Kev txo qis viscosity: Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho dispersion ntawm high-load inorganic nplaim retardants.
• Intrinsic nplaim retardancy: TOTP nws tus kheej yog cov nplaim hluav taws kub-retardant plasticizer zoo heev.

2. Nplaim Retardant Synergy

• PNB-Al kev sib koom ua ke:Aluminium hypophosphite (P) + MCA (N) muab lub hauv paus PN synergy. Zinc borate (B, Zn) txhim kho charring thiab haus luam yeeb. Ultrafine ATH (Al) muaj kev ua kom txias txias thiab ua kom muaj pa taws. TOTP kuj tseem txhawb nqa phosphorus. Qhov no tsim ib tug multi-element synergistic system.
• ATH lub luag haujlwm:25-35 feem ntawm ultrafine ATH yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab thiab hluav taws kub hnyiab. Nws endothermic decomposition absorbs tshav kub, thaum tso dej vapor dilutes oxygen thiab flammable gases.Ultrafine thiab nto-kho ATH yog qhov tseem ceebkom txo cov viscosity cuam tshuam thiab txhim kho PVC compatibility.
• Txo aluminium hypophosphite:Txo los ntawm 30 mus rau 15-20 qhov chaw kom yooj yim lub nra ntawm lub cev thaum tswj cov phosphorus pab.
• Txo MCA:Txo qis ntawm 10 mus rau 4-6 ntu kom tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws.

3. Dispersion Solution – Tseem ceeb rau kev vam meej

• Super-dispersant (3-4 ntu):Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tuav lub siab-load (50-70 qhov chaw tag nrho cov khoom siv inorganic!), nyuaj-rau-disperse system (aluminium hypophosphite + ultrafine ATH + zinc borate).Ordinary dispersants (piv txwv li, calcium stearate, PE wax) tsis txaus!Ua lag luam nyob rau hauv high-efficiency super-dispersants thiab siv cov nyiaj txaus.
• Cov ntsiab lus ntawm plasticizer (65-75 ntu):Raws li saum toj no, txo cov viscosity tag nrho, tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo rau kev tawg.
• Lubricants (1-2 ntu):Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov roj av sab hauv / sab nraud ua kom zoo txaus thaum sib xyaw thiab txheej, tiv thaiv kev ua kom zoo.

4. Kev Ua Haujlwm - nruj me ntsis ua ntej sib xyaw raws tu qauv

• Kauj Ruam 1 (Dry-mix inorganic hmoov):
• Ntxiv aluminium hypophosphite, ultrafine ATH, zinc borate, MCA, thiab tag nrho cov super-dispersant mus rau qhov sib tov sib xyaw.
• Sib tov ntawm 80-90 ° C rau 8-10 feeb. Lub hom phiaj: Xyuas kom cov super-dispersant tag nrho coats txhua particle, rhuav tshem agglomerates.Lub sijhawm thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb!
• Kauj Ruam 2 (Slurry formation):
• Ntxiv feem ntau ntawm TOTP (piv txwv li, 70-80%), tag nrho cov cua sov stabilizers, thiab cov roj lubricants sab hauv rau qhov sib tov los ntawm Kauj Ruam 1.
• Sib tov ntawm 90-100 ° C rau 5-7 feeb los ua ib qho zoo sib xws, ntws nplaim-retardant slurry. Xyuas kom cov hmoov tau ntub tag nrho los ntawm plasticizers.
• Kauj Ruam 3 (Ntxiv PVC thiab cov khoom seem ntxiv):
• Ntxiv PVC resin, tshuav TOTP, cov roj nplua nyeem sab nraud (thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob antioxidants / UV stabilizers, yog ntxiv rau theem no).
• Sib tov ntawm 100-110 ° C rau 7-10 feeb kom txog thaum mus txog qhov "qhuav" (dawb-ntws, tsis muaj clumps).Tsis txhob overmixing los tiv thaiv PVC degradation.
• Cua txias:Tshem tawm thiab txias qhov sib tov kom <50 ° C kom tiv thaiv clumping.

5. Kev ua haujlwm tom ntej

• Siv cov khoom txias qhuav rau calendering lossis txheej.
• Tswj kev ua haujlwm kub nruj me ntsis (pom zoo yaj qhov kub thiab txias ≤170-175 ° C) kom tsis txhob stabilizer tsis ua hauj lwm los yog ua ntej decomposition ntawm nplaim hluav taws (xws li, ATH).

V. Cov txiaj ntsig xav tau thiab ceev faj

• Nplaim retardancy:Piv nrog rau cov qauv qub (TOTM + siab aluminium hypophosphite / MCA), cov qauv hloov kho no (TOTP + optimized P / N / B / Al ratios) yuav tsum tau txhim kho cov nplaim hluav taws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv txoj kab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob. Lub hom phiaj cov qauv zoo li CPAI-84 rau cov tsev pheeb suab ntaub. Cov kev ntsuam xyuas tseem ceeb: ASTM D6413 ( ntsug hlawv).
• Dispersion:Super-dispersant + siab plasticizer + optimized pre-mixing yuav tsum zoo heev txhim kho dispersion, txo agglomeration thiab txhim kho txheej uniformity.
• Processability:Tsim nyog TOTP thiab lubricants yuav tsum xyuas kom meej kev ua haujlwm du, tab sis saib xyuas viscosity thiab ua raws li kev tsim khoom tiag tiag.
• Tus nqi:TOTP thiab super-dispersants yog kim, tab sis txo qis aluminium hypophosphite thiab MCA offset ib co nqi. ATH yog tus nqi qis.

Kev ceeb toom tseem ceeb:

• Kev sim me me ua ntej!Kev sim hauv chav kuaj thiab kho raws li cov khoom siv tiag tiag (tshwj xeeb yog ATH thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws) thiab cov khoom siv.
• Kev xaiv cov khoom siv:
• ATH:Yuav tsum siv ultrafine (D50 ≤2µm), cov qib kho deg (piv txwv li, silane) qib. Nrog rau cov chaw muag khoom rau cov lus pom zoo PVC.
• Super-dispersants:Yuav tsum siv hom kev ua haujlwm siab. Qhia rau cov neeg muag khoom txog daim ntawv thov (PVC, siab-load inorganic fillers, halogen-dawb nplaim retardancy).
• TOTP:Xyuas kom zoo.
• Kev kuaj:Ua cov nplaim retardancy nruj raws li cov qauv qauv. Kuj ntsuas kev laus / dej tsis kam (tseem ceeb rau cov tsev pheeb suab sab nraum zoov!). UV stabilizers thiab antioxidants yog qhov tseem ceeb.

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