Kev Siv Ammonium Polyphosphate Hauv Kev Lag Luam

Cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas ua los ntawm cov tshuaj hosphorus muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj halogen, txo pa luam yeeb, ua rau hluav taws kub zoo, thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig.Ammonium polyphosphate APP, ua ib qho tshuaj tua hluav taws uas muaj phosphorus ntau, tau txais kev saib xyuas dav dav los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Tam sim no, ammonium polyphosphate tau siv dav hauv cov ntaub ntawv polymer xws li polypropylene (PP), epoxy resin (EP), thiab polyurethane (PU).

Kev Taw Qhia Txog Ammonium Polyphosphate

Ammonium polyphosphate, luv ua APP, tseem hu ua condensed ammonium phosphate lossis polyphosphate. Nws tau tsim thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1857 los ntawm P2O5 thiab NH3. Nws cov mis molecular yog (NH4)n+2PnO3n+1, qhov twg n sawv cev rau qib polymerization. Thaum n loj txaus, nws cov mis tshuaj tuaj yeem sau ua (NH4PO3)n.

Feem ntau, APP nrog ntau theem ntawm polymerization muaj cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg. Qhov loj dua ntawm polymerization (n), qhov qis dua qhov solubility hauv dej ntawm APP. Yog tias n > 20, nws yooj yim yaj hauv dej; yog tias n < 20, nws yooj yim yaj hauv dej.

APP muaj cov nitrogen thiab phosphorus ntau, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev siv rau hauv cov chiv thiab cov tshuaj tua hluav taws. Qib ntawm polymerization txiav txim siab qhov kev siv ntawm APP. OligomericAPP uas yaj tau hauv dejfeem ntau siv ua chiv ua tau zoo, thaum cov polymer APP siab yog cov tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tsis muaj halogen uas tsis ua rau ib puag ncig puas tsuaj.

APP muaj ob hom khov: crystalline thiab amorphous (glassy). Crystalline APP yog hmoov dawb, ruaj khov nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab. Tam sim no, muaj rau hom crystalline ntawm APP (Hom I, II, III, IV, V, thiab VI).Hom Ithiab II yog cov siv dav tshaj plaws. Hom I muaj qib qis dua ntawm polymerization, qhov hnyav molecular me dua, thiab solubility siab dua, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev npaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv hluav taws thiab cov chiv.Hom IImuaj qib siab ntawm polymerization, dej solubility tsawg, ruaj khov qauv, thiab kub decomposition siab, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov retardant nplaim taws.

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